Research and development share of gross domestic product 3 per cent in 2022

According to Statistics Finland, research and development expenditure amounted to EUR 7.9 billion in 2022. Expenditure increased by EUR 445 million from 2021, which represents a growth of 5.9 per cent. However, there was in practice no real growth in the volume of R&D, the change in R&D expenditure adjusted for the rise in price level was 0.6 per cent. Expenditure increased in real terms only in the higher education sector, by 9.9 per cent in nominal terms and by 4.3 per cent in real terms.