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Published: 5 December 2014

Services and international production generated over EUR 4 billion in income for Finland in 2013

This publication has been corrected on 22 May 2015. The corrections are indicated in red.

According to Statistics Finland, the surplus from international trade in services and the sales margin of goods manufactured abroad generated profits of EUR 4.3 billion for Finland in 2013. The value of service exports totalled EUR 14.3 billion in 2013. Service imports amounted to EUR 12.8 billion, so foreign trade in services was EUR 1.5 billion in surplus.

Service imports, exports and surplus in 2013, EUR mil

The figure has been corrected on 22 May 2015.

In addition to foreign trade in services, EUR 2.8 billion was generated in income from the sale of goods manufactured abroad. A majority of the value added from goods manufactured abroad is not generated in the manufacturing process but comes from intellectual property (trademarks, models, copyrights and patents). Therefore, the income is also recorded in the home country of enterprises that operate internationally. In service exports, the share of income from intellectual property is also high.

Sales margin from goods manufactured abroad in 2013, EUR mil.

Item	2013
Net sales of goods processed abroad and of merchanting	2,810

Service items

Most income was generated from computer and information services, whose share of exports was slightly over one-third. A majority of this was other computer and information services, such as hardware and software consultancy and implementation services. Other considerable service items in exports were user licenses of results from R&D activity, and construction and project deliveries. These three items cover more than one-half of service exports and they are also clearly in surplus.

Service imports were more dispersed when viewed by service item than exports were. In service imports, the biggest single service item was other computer and information services that only cover close on 15 per cent of service imports. The share of other business services is altogether more than one-half of service exports. Of this, technical, trade-related and other business services, as well as research and development services cover a majority. There were most items in deficit in research and development services and advertising, market research and public opinion polling.

Areas

The main trade partners in international trade in services for exports were Sweden, the United States, Germany and the United Kingdom. Their share of service exports was slightly over one-third even though international trade in services was in deficit to all of these countries. Viewed by area, international trade in services for imports was even more centralised. In service imports, Ireland can also be considered one of the main trading partners in addition to the countries mentioned above. The share of these five countries in service imports was close on 60 per cent.

In addition to countries within the European Union, the share of Asia and America was considerable both in service exports and imports. Together, these three cover almost 87 per cent of service exports and over 90 per cent of service imports. Among Asian countries, Finland's main trading partner both in imports and exports was China, whose share in Asian imports was over 40 per cent. In Asian exports, its share was close on one-fifth. In terms of America, the share of the United States was considerable both in exports and imports.

Service trade by area

Over one-half of service exports were directed at countries within the European Union. In exports, the main service items in terms of the European Union were telecommunications, computer and information services, and other business services that together cover slightly over two-thirds of service exports within the European Union.

In service imports, the share of the European Union was close on 70 per cent. In imports, the main service items were other business services, telecommunications, computer and information services, and royalties and licence fees n.i.e. Together, these cover just under 80 per cent of service imports of services from the European Union. International trade in services was in deficit within the European Union.

Important trading partners in both service imports and exports were also found in Asia and America. The surplus in international trade in services was mainly generated in Asia and in European countries outside the European Union. International trade in services with African and Oceanic countries was, however minor.

Source: Foreign trade in services 2013, Statistics Finland

Inquiries: Pauliina Peltonen 029 551 2585, Risto Sippola 029 551 3383, globalisaatio.tilastot@stat.fi

Director in charge: Hannele Orjala

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Appendix tables

• Appendix table 1. Imports and exports of services by service item 2013, EUR mil. (5.12.2014)
• Appendix table 2. Imports and exports of services by region 2013, EUR mil. (5.12.2014)

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Updated 5.12.2014