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Published: 12 December 2007

Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 13 per cent above Kyoto base year

According to preliminary data calculated by Statistics Finland, greenhouse gas emissions in Finland totalled approximately 80 Mt of CO₂ equivalent, which is 13 per cent more than in the base year of the Kyoto Protocol. Under the Kyoto Protocol, the base year for Finland is 1990, with the exception of so-called F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF₆) for which the base year is 1995. In the base year, emissions in Finland totalled 71 Mt of CO₂ equivalent.

The Kyoto Protocol obliges Finland to keep emissions at the base year level over the 2008-2012 period. Estimated from the emissions in the base year, Finland's assigned amount of emissions for this period is 355 Mt of CO₂ equivalent. Reporting of the assigned amount was reviewed in summer 2007 and the amount will be confirmed after consideration by the Compliance Committee of the Kyoto Protocol. Once confirmed, the assigned amount cannot be changed even if emissions in the base year would change in the national greenhouse gas inventory.

In 2006, emissions increased by 16 per cent from the year before when they were lower than in the base year. The largest amount, or approximately 80 per cent, of all emissions in Finland is generated by the energy sector. Emissions from this sector have varied considerably from one year to the next due, among other things, to the availability of hydro power and fluctuations in net imports of electricity.

Emissions have shown a rising trend of approximately 0.4 Mt CO₂ growth per year. In the past five years, emissions have exceeded the Kyoto commitment by an average of 10 per cent. The main contributors to the excess are the energy industry with approximately 74 per cent growth and transport with around 13 per cent growth in emissions relative to the base year level. Emissions from industrial processes (up by 6%) and emissions of F-gases - eight-fold compared to the base year - have also grown but their impact on the growth of total emissions is smaller.

Emissions from own energy production in manufacturing and construction (-13%) the rest of the energy sector (-24%), as well as emissions from agriculture (-22%) and waste management (-38%) have decreased significantly from the base year. In recent years, no major changes have happened in emissions from these source categories.

The aforementioned total emissions and the assigned amount under the Kyoto Protocol exclude the emissions and sinks of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector. In Finland, this sector has been a net sink throughout the period of 1990 to 2006. In 2006, the net sink of this sector amounted to approximately 33 Mt CO₂, which is over 40 per cent of Finland's total emissions. The net sink of the sector has grown due to increment of the growing stock of forests, so that its net sink for the past five years now exceeds its net sink for the first five years of the 1990s by approximately 20 per cent.

The impact of wood products on the net sink of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector is included in Finland's national inventory for the first time. On the average, wood products have been a small carbon sink in Finland: 0.8 Mt of CO₂ equivalent per annum -2.1 Mt CO₂ at its largest and, at 0.3 Mt CO₂, the smallest emission source in 1991.

Figure 1. Development of greenhouse gas emissions by sector in Finland 1990-2006

Table 1. Greenhouse gas emissions (Tg CO₂ equivalent) in Finland by sector 1990-2006 (exclusive of land use, land-use change and forestry sector, see Table 2)

Year	Energy				Industrial processes		Solvents	Agriculture	Waste	Total
	Energy industry	Manufacturing and construction	Transport	Rest of energy sector	Excl. F- gases	F- gases
1990	19	13.4	12.8	9.2	5.0	0.09	0.178	7.1	4.0	71
1991	19	12.9	12.5	8.9	4.6	0.07	0.171	6.7	4.0	69
1992	19	12.4	12.4	9.0	4.3	0.04	0.158	6.2	4.0	67
1993	21	12.5	12.0	8.6	4.3	0.03	0.150	6.2	4.0	69
1994	26	12.8	12.4	8.2	4.5	0.04	0.147	6.2	4.0	75
1995	24	12.3	12.2	7.8	4.5	0.10	0.143	6.3	3.9	71
1996	30	12.2	12.2	7.9	4.8	0.15	0.138	6.2	3.8	77
1997	27	12.4	12.8	7.9	5.0	0.24	0.136	6.2	3.7	76
1998	24	12.1	13.0	8.2	4.9	0.30	0.136	6.1	3.6	72
1999	24	12.1	13.2	7.9	5.0	0.40	0.135	5.9	3.5	72
2000	22	12.1	13.1	7.5	5.0	0.58	0.124	6.0	3.3	70
2001	28	11.6	13.3	7.7	5.0	0.73	0.121	5.8	3.2	75
2002	30	11.3	13.5	7.6	4.9	0.53	0.111	5.8	2.9	77
2003	37	11.7	13.7	7.6	5.2	0.71	0.104	5.7	2.8	85
2004	33	11.8	14.1	7.3	5.5	0.73	0.104	5.6	2.6	81
2005	22	11.5	14.1	7.1	5.3	0.89	0.105	5.6	2.4	69
2006	33	11.7	14.4	7.0	5.3	0.80	0.100	5.5	2.5	80

 

Table 2. Emissions and sinks (Tg CO₂ equivalent) of the land use, land-use change and forestry sector in Finland 1990-2006

Year	Forest land	Cropland	Grassland	Peat extraction areas	Wood products	Total
1990	-23	7.4	-1.6	0.60	-0.9	-18
1991	-38	5.6	-0.6	0.61	0.3	-32
1992	-31	5.4	-0.4	0.63	-0.2	-26
1993	-30	5.4	0.3	0.64	-0.1	-24
1994	-23	5.2	1.3	0.66	-0.8	-17
1995	-23	6.9	1.1	0.67	-0.9	-15
1996	-32	7.1	0.6	0.68	-1.0	-25
1997	-25	6.7	1.0	0.69	-2.1	-19
1998	-23	6.1	1.7	0.69	-1.8	-16
1999	-25	5.8	2.4	0.70	-2.0	-18
2000	-27	5.3	3.0	0.69	-1.3	-19
2001	-31	5.1	3.2	0.68	-0.3	-23
2002	-32	4.6	2.7	0.71	-0.4	-24
2003	-32	4.2	3.0	0.65	-0.9	-25
2004	-33	3.9	3.2	0.71	-0.8	-26
2005	-38	3.6	2.3	0.75	-0.3	-32
2006	-41	3.2	3.8	0.74	-0.4	-33

 

Whole submission concerning 2006 (preliminary data for 2006)

Data release of Energy Statistics

Source: Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 1990-2006. National Greenhouse Gas Inventory Report.

Inquiries: Ms Riitta Pipatti +358 9 1734 3543, Mr Kari Grönfors +358 9 1734 2728

firstname.lastname@stat.fi

Director in charge: Ms Kaija Hovi

Tables

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Appendix tables

• Table 1: Greenhouse gas emissions in 1990, 1995 - 2006 by source category and gas (Gg CO2 equivalent) (12.12.2007)
• Table 2: Carbon dioxide emissions 1990 and 1995 - 2006 by source category (Tg CO2) (12.12.2007)
• Table 3: Methane emissions by emission category 1990, 1995 - 2006 (Gg CH4) (12.12.2007)
• Table 4: Nitrous oxide emissions by emission category 1990, 1995 - 2006 (Gg N2O) (12.12.2007)
• Table 5: F-gas emissions 1990, 1995 - 2006 (Gg CO2-equivalent) (12.12.2007)

Figures

• Figure 1: Greenhouse gas emissions by sectors in 2006 (%) (12.12.2007)
• Figure 2: Greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 - 2006 (Tg CO2 eq.) (12.12.2007)
• Figure 3: Development of emissions in the Energy sector in 1990 - 2006 (Tg CO2 eq.) (12.12.2007)
• Figure 4. Greenhouse gas emission in Finland in 1990 - 2006 in relation to the target level of the Kyoto protocol (base year 1990) (Tg CO2 eq.) (12.12.2007)

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Last updated 12.12.2007