Government R&D appropriations as a percentage of GDP in the EU and some countries in 1997-2006
GDP share, % | ||||||||||
1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | |
Netherlands | 0.83 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.75 | 0.74 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.69 |
Belgium | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.61 | 0.59 | 0.60 | .. |
United Kingdom | 0.73 | 0.66 | 0.68 | 0.69 | 0.68 | 0.77 | 0.76 | 0.71 | 0.72 | .. |
Spain | 0.48 | 0.55 | 0.56 | 0.60 | 0.66 | 0.74 | 0.73 | 0.80 | 0.85 | .. |
Ireland | 0.29 | 0.27 | 0.27 | 0.30 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.34 | 0.42 | 0.42 | .. |
Italy | 0.59 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.64 | 0.68 | .. | .. | .. | 0.73 | 0.59 |
Austria | 0.61 | 0.63 | 0.64 | 0.61 | 0.65 | 0.66 | 0.64 | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.64 |
Greece | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.30 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.28 | 0.29 | 0.31 | 0.31 | .. |
Latvia | 0.23 | 0.22 | 0.21 | 0.19 | 0.20 | 0.18 | 0.18 | .. | 0.20 | .. |
Luxembourg | .. | .. | .. | 0.13 | 0.17 | 0.20 | 0.24 | 0.27 | 0.28 | 0.29 |
Portugal | 0.49 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.58 | 0.60 | 0.67 | 0.62 | 0.64 | 0.73 | 0.75 |
Poland | 0.40 | 0.39 | 0.40 | 0.38 | 0.39 | .. | .. | 0.31 | .. | .. |
France | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.94 | 0.96 | 0.99 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.96 | 0.93 | 0.82 |
Sweden | .. | 0.77 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 0.84 | 0.90 | 0.95 | 0.90 | 0.89 | 0.88 |
Germany | 0.84 | 0.81 | 0.81 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.78 | 0.79 | 0.77 | 0.77 | .. |
Slovakia | 0.40 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.28 | 0.31 |
Slovenia | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.56 | 0.52 | 0.52 | 0.55 | 0.57 | 0.61 | 0.60 | .. |
Finland | 1.10 | 1.07 | 1.04 | 0.98 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.03 | 0.99 |
Denmark | 0.72 | 0.74 | 0.79 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.71 |
Czech Republic | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.50 | 0.52 | 0.51 | 0.55 | 0.57 |
Hungary | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | .. | 0.41 | .. |
EU-25 | 0.74 | 0.71 | 0.71 | 0.73 | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.75 | 0.76 | 0.72 | .. |
Iceland | 1.04 | 1.08 | 1.39 | 1.36 | 1.33 | 1.40 | 1.53 | 1.41 | 1.44 | .. |
Norway | 0.74 | 0.76 | 0.73 | 0.66 | 0.69 | 0.76 | 0.78 | 0.77 | 0.71 | 0.69 |
Switzerland | .. | 0.69 | .. | 0.65 | .. | 0.69 | .. | 0.76 | .. | .. |
Russia | 0.77 | 0.40 | 0.50 | 0.47 | 0.55 | 0.61 | 0.71 | 0.63 | 0.36 | .. |
Israel | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.86 | 0.88 | 0.92 | 0.87 | 0.91 | 0.77 | 0.72 | .. |
Australia | 0.57 | 0.57 | 0.56 | 0.54 | 0.57 | 0.55 | 0.57 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.52 |
South Korea | .. | .. | 0.62 | 0.65 | 0.72 | 0.75 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.84 | .. |
Japan | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.64 | 0.66 | 0.70 | 0.72 | 0.73 | 0.73 | 0.71 | .. |
Taiwan | .. | .. | .. | 0.64 | 0.77 | 0.78 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.81 | .. |
Canada | 0.50 | 0.53 | 0.54 | 0.52 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.60 | 0.59 | 0.59 | 0.57 |
United States | 0.87 | 0.85 | 0.84 | 0.86 | 0.91 | 0.99 | 1.05 | 1.08 | 1.07 | 1.00 |
Partly preliminary data or estimates
Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators, 2006/2;
Eurostat, R&D Statistics
Last updated 8.2.2007
Official Statistics of Finland (OSF):
Government R&D funding in the state budget [e-publication].
ISSN=2489-3250. 2007,
Government R&D appropriations as a percentage of GDP in the EU and some countries in 1997-2006
. Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 8.11.2024].
Access method: http://www.stat.fi/til/tkker/2007/tkker_2007_2007-02-08_tau_003_en.html