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Published: 5 October 2017

Manufacturing consumed nearly one-half of energy products in 2015

In 2015, around 2,720,000 terajoules of energy products were consumed in Finland, which is nearly 10 per cent less than in 2011. In 2015, manufacturing consumed 43 per cent of energy products and energy supply 22 per cent, while the share of households was good 10 per cent. The share of oils in consumed energy products was around 50 per cent. These data appear from Statistics Finland's new statistics on energy accounts for the years 2011 to 2015.

Final consumption of energy products in 2011 to 2015, petajoules

The consumption of energy products has varied somewhat over the years. Starting from 2011, total consumption in Finland has been highest in 2011, when around 3,004,000 terajoules (TJ) of energy products were consumed, which is some 284,000 TJ more than in 2015, when consumption was at its lowest. Examined by energy product, the change trend has been clearest in the consumption of natural gas. It has decreased by one third from 2011 to 2015. A decline is also visible in the consumption of hard coal and peat products, while the consumption of biofuels has increased, even though the consumption of both has fluctuated between years. Examined by industry, the consumption of energy products has declined in the petroleum refining and chemicals industry and in energy supply by over 10 per cent from 2011 to 2015. The use biofuels has increased clearly in the forest industry and land transport, while the consumption of oil products has decreased.

Households consumed around 283,000 TJ of energy in 2015. This is the lowest level since 2011. Most energy was consumed in 2012 when, partially due to cold weather, the energy consumed by households was around 301,000 TJ. Of the energy consumed in 2015, oil products amounted to 30 per cent, electricity to 27 per cent, heating to 23 per cent and biofuels to 20 per cent. Of these, electricity and heating are mainly used in housing and oil products in traffic. A majority of biofuels are firewood used in heating. The shares between energy products have not changed much in recent years.

Around 2,720,000 terajoules of energy products were supplied and consumed in Finland in 2015. Of this, around 1,225,000 TJ were consumed in manufacturing and 1,495,000 TJ in final consumption. Most energy products were both supplied and consumed by the petroleum refining and chemicals industry and by energy supply. They covered around 40 per cent of the total supply. Other industries supplied close on 25 per cent of energy products, while the share of imports was good 35 per cent. The above-mentioned industries consumed in total 50 per cent of energy products, while good 10 per cent were exported and the remaining 40 per cent were consumed by other industries and households.

Examined by energy product, oil products were consumed most in 2015, the share of which was around 30 per cent of total consumption. Crude oil represented close on 20 per cent and biofuels around 15 per cent of total consumption. Around 20 per cent of oil products were used in petroleum refining and chemicals industries, over 35 per cent were exported and the remainder was used in other industries and by households. The biggest consumers of biofuels were the forest industry and energy supply, whose combined consumption represented over 70 per cent of the total consumption. While households consumed around 15 per cent of biofuels, less than 15 per cent were consumed by other industries and exported.

Total supply and consumption of energy products by industry in 2015, TJ

Industry (TOL2008)	Supply	Use
Agriculture, fishing and aquaculture, hunting	1 230	29 225
Forestry	187 269	4 309
Mining and quarrying	286 110	6 862
Food industry	244	16 799
Forest industry	142 056	266 710
Oil refining and manufacture of chemicals	642 901	758 593
Manufacture of basic metals and fabricated metal products	14 708	90 975
Other industries	.	27 188
Energy management	429 145	600 568
Water supply and waste management	.	4 329
Construction	.	31 671
Trade	.	21 907
Land transport	.	59 557
Water transport	.	28 509
Air transport	.	44 266
Support activities for transportation, postal activities	.	4 940
Real estate activities	.	16 890
Other service activities and administration	.	77 471
Households	.	282 735
Change in Inventories	.	2 673
Rest of the World	1 016 274	328 996
Statistical Differences	.	14 755
TOTAL	2 719 939	2 719 939

These data appear from Statistics Finland's new statistics Energy accounts, for which results are now published for the first time. Energy accounts are part of the second stage of the European Union’s Regulation concerning environmental accounts that became legally valid in June 2014 ((EC) No 538/2014). The Regulation obliges the Member States to compile statistics and report annually on energy accounts; for the first time in 2017 regarding at least the statistical reference years 2014 and 2015. The Energy accounts time series published by Statistics Finland in October 2017 covers the years 2011 to 2015.

The goal of environmental accounts is to describe the interaction between the environment and the economy by mainly using the same basic concepts and classifications as national accounts (ESA 2010). In the energy accounts, the supply and use of energy are presented in accordance with the industrial classification and domicile principle used in national accounts. Thus, the data of the statistics can be connected to various monetary variables of national accounts, such as total output and value added. The energy accounts’ data on the supply and use of energy can also be combined with the data of the statistics on environmental taxes and emissions into air by industry.

Unlike other statistics on energy, energy accounts also contain the supply and consumption of energy by Finns abroad, in accordance with the framework of national accounts. Correspondingly, the supply and consumption of energy by foreigners within Finland are subtracted from energy accounts. Unlike in national accounts, statistics describing the physical flows of environmental accounts, including energy accounts, do not take into account global factoryless production and merchanting.

Source: Energy Accounts 2015, Statistics Finland

Inquiries: Sami Hautakangas 029 551 3791, Juuso Peltola 029 551 2330, ymparistotilinpito@stat.fi

Director in charge: Ville Vertanen

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Appendix tables

• Appendix table 1. Households' total consumption of energy products in 2011 to 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)
• Appendix table 2. Final consumption of energy products in 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)
• Appendix table 3. Final consumption of oil products in 2011 to 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)
• Appendix table 4. Final consumption of biofuels (excl. peat) by industry in 2011 to 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)
• Appendix table 5. Final consumption of electricity and heat by industry in 2011 to 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)
• Appendix table 6. Final consumption of other energy products by industry in 2011 to 2015, TJ (5.10.2017)

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Updated 5.10.2017