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Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002

  R&D
 expenditure 
Proportion
of R&D
expenditure
 in OECD area 
GDP share
of  R&D
expenditure 
Business
enterprises'
proportion of
 R&D expenditure 
Percentage of
 R&D expenditure 
financed by
government***
 USD Mill.(PPP) % % % %
EU-15 191,451 29.5 1.9 64.4 *34.1
 Germany 53,972 8.3 2.5 69.4 31.5
 France 36,618 5.6 2.2 62.2 *36.9
 United Kingdom 31,037 4.8 1.9 67.0 26.9
 Italy* 16,351 2.5 1.1 49.1 **51.3
 Sweden* 10,221 1.6 4.3 77.6 21.0
 Spain 9,387 1.4 1.0 54.6 39.1
 Netherlands* 8,683 1.3 1.9 58.3 36.2
 Belgium* 6,053 0.9 2.2 73.7 21.4
 Finland 4,761 0.7 3.5 69.9 26.1
 Austria 4,499 0.7 1.9 **63.6 40.9
 Denmark 3,962 0.6 2.5 69.3 *28.0
 Portugal 1,775 0.3 0.9 34.4 *61.0
 Ireland* 1,317 0.2 1.2 69.7 **22.6
 Greece* 1,210 0.2 0.7 32.7 46.9
 Luxemburg** 363 0.1 1.7 92.6 7.7
Other OECD countries
 United States 277,100 42.7 2.7 70.2 30.2
 Japan 106,838 16.5 3.1 74.4 18.2
 South Korea 23,550 3.6 2.9 74.9 25.4
 Canada 18,163 2.8 1.9 55.2 33.3
 Australia** 7,810 1.2 1.5 47.5 45.7
 Switzerland** 5,507 0.8 2.6 73.9 23.2
 Turkey** 2,910 0.4 0.6 33.4 50.6
 Norway 2,694 0.4 1.7 57.4 *39.8
 Poland 2,434 0.4 0.6 21.4 61.1
 Czech Republic 2,001 0.3 1.3 61.1 42.1
 Hungary 1,445 0.2 1.0 35.5 58.6
 Slovakia 381 0.1 0.6 64.3 44.1
 Iceland 253 0.0 3.1 57.2 *34.0
OECD total 648,988 100.0 2.3 68.0 29.9
Other countries
 China 72,014 . 1.2 61.2 **33.4
 Russia 14,734 . 1.2 69.9 58.4
 Taiwan 12,194 . 2.3 62.2 35.2
 Israel 6,294 . 4.7 73.0 **25.0

Part of data preliminary or estimates
* Data from 2001
** Data from 2000
*** Proportion of public administration in R&D funding of universities, research institutes and business enterprises. Not including public loans.

Source: OECD, Main Science and Technology Indicators vol. 1/2004; NIFU.


Last updated 30.1.2006

Referencing instructions:

Official Statistics of Finland (OSF): Research and development [e-publication].
ISSN=2342-6721. 2002, Indicators of R&D expenditure in selected OECD and other countries in 2002 . Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 29.3.2024].
Access method: http://www.stat.fi/til/tkke/2002/tkke_2002_2006-01-30_tau_001_en.html