6. Classifications
6.1 Socio-economic Groups
Classification of Socio-economic Groups 1989
| Code | Heading | 
| 3 | Upper-level employees with administrative, managerial, professional and related occupations | 
| 31 | Senior officials and upper management | 
| 32 | Senior officials and employees in research and planning | 
| 33 | Senior officials and employees in education and training | 
| 34 | Other senior officials and employees | 
| 4 | Lower-level employees with administrative and clerical occupations | 
| 41 | Supervisors | 
| 42 | Clerical and sales workers, independent work | 
| 43 | Clerical and sales workers, routine work | 
| 44 | Other lower-level employees with administrative and clerical occupations | 
| 5 | Manual workers | 
| 51 | Workers in agriculture, forestry and commercial fishing | 
| 52 | Manufacturing workers | 
| 53 | Other production workers | 
| 54 | Distribution and service workers | 
6.2 Standard Industrial Classification
Standard Industrial Classification TOL 2008
| Code | Heading | 
| Industries total | |
| A | Agriculture, forestry and fishing | 
| 01 | Crop and animal production, hunting and related service activities | 
| 02 | Forestry and logging | 
| 03 | Fishing and aquaculture | 
| B | Mining and quarrying | 
| 05 | Mining of coal and lignite | 
| 06 | Extraction of crude petroleum and natural gas | 
| 07 | Mining of metal ores | 
| 08 | Other mining and quarrying | 
| 09 | Mining support service activities | 
| C | Manufacturing | 
| 10 | Manufacture of food products | 
| 11 | Manufacture of beverages | 
| 12 | Manufacture of tobacco products | 
| 13 | Manufacture of textiles | 
| 14 | Manufacture of wearing apparel | 
| 15 | Manufacture of leather and related products | 
| 16 | Manufacture of wood and of products of wood and cork, except furniture; manufacture of articles of straw and plaiting materials | 
| 17 | Manufacture of paper and paper products | 
| 18 | Printing and reproduction of recorded media | 
| 19 | Manufacture of coke and refined petroleum products | 
| 20 | Manufacture of chemicals and chemical products | 
| 21 | Manufacture of basic pharmaceutical products and pharmaceutical preparations | 
| 22 | Manufacture of rubber and plastic products | 
| 23 | Manufacture of other non-metallic mineral products | 
| 24 | Manufacture of basic metals | 
| 25 | Manufacture of fabricated metal products, except machinery and equipment | 
| 26 | Manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products | 
| 27 | Manufacture of electrical equipment | 
| 28 | Manufacture of machinery and equipment n.e.c. | 
| 29 | Manufacture of motor vehicles, trailers and semi-trailers | 
| 30 | Manufacture of other transport equipment | 
| 31 | Manufacture of furniture | 
| 32 | Other manufacturing | 
| 33 | Repair and installation of machinery and equipment | 
| D | Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 
| 35 | Electricity, gas, steam and air conditioning supply | 
| E | Water supply; sewerage, waste management and remediation activities | 
| 36 | Water collection, treatment and supply | 
| 37 | Sewerage | 
| 38 | Waste collection, treatment and disposal activities; materials recovery | 
| 39 | Remediation activities and other waste management services | 
| Code | Heading | 
| F | Construction | 
| 41 | Construction of buildings | 
| 42 | Civil engineering | 
| 43 | Specialised construction activities | 
| G | Wholesale and retail trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 
| 45 | Wholesale and retail trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 
| 46 | Wholesale trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 
| 47 | Retail trade, except of motor vehicles and motorcycles | 
| H | Transportation and storage | 
| 49 | Land transport and transport via pipelines | 
| 50 | Water transport | 
| 51 | Air transport | 
| 52 | Warehousing and support activities for transportation | 
| 53 | Postal and courier activities | 
| I | Accommodation and food service activities | 
| 55 | Accommodation | 
| 56 | Food and beverage service activities | 
| J | Information and communication | 
| 58 | Publishing activities | 
| 59 | Motion picture, video and television programme production, sound recording and music publishing activities | 
| 60 | Programming and broadcasting activities | 
| 61 | Telecommunications | 
| 62 | Computer programming, consultancy and related activities | 
| 63 | Information service activities | 
| K | Financial and insurance activities | 
| 64 | Financial service activities, except insurance and pension funding | 
| 65 | Insurance, reinsurance and pension funding, except compulsory social security | 
| 66 | Activities auxiliary to financial services and insurance activities | 
| L | Real estate activities | 
| 68 | Real estate activities | 
| M | Professional, scientific and technical activities | 
| 69 | Legal and accounting activities | 
| 70 | Activities of head offices; management consultancy activities | 
| 71 | Architectural and engineering activities; technical testing and analysis | 
| 72 | Scientific research and development | 
| 73 | Advertising and market research | 
| 74 | Other professional, scientific and technical activities | 
| 75 | Veterinary activities | 
| N | Administrative and support service activities | 
| 77 | Rental and leasing activities | 
| 78 | Employment activities | 
| 79 | Travel agency, tour operator and other reservation service and related activities | 
| 80 | Security and investigation activities | 
| 81 | Services to buildings and landscape activities | 
| 82 | Office administrative, office support and other business support activities | 
| O | Public administration and defence; compulsory social security | 
| 84 | Public administration and defence; compulsory social security | 
| P | Education | 
| 85 | Education | 
| Q | Human health and social work activities | 
| 86 | Human health activities | 
| 87 | Residential care activities | 
| 88 | Social work activities without accommodation | 
| R | Arts, entertainment and recreation | 
| 90 | Creative, arts and entertainment activities | 
| 91 | Libraries, archives, museums and other cultural activities | 
| 92 | Gambling and betting activities | 
| 93 | Sports activities and amusement and recreation activities | 
| S | Other service activities | 
| 94 | Activities of membership organisations | 
| 95 | Repair of computers and personal and household goods | 
| 96 | Other personal service activities | 
| T | Activities of households as employers; undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of households for own use | 
| 97 | Activities of households as employers of domestic personnel | 
| 98 | Undifferentiated goods- and services-producing activities of private households for own use | 
| U | Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies | 
| 99 | Activities of extraterritorial organisations and bodies | 
| X | Industry unknown | 
| 00 | Industry unknown | 
6.3 Classification of Occupations
Classification of Occupations 2001
| Code | Heading | 
| Occupations total | |
| 1 | Legislators, senior officials and managers | 
| 11 | Legislators and senior officials | 
| 12 | Corporate managers | 
| 13 | Managers of small enterprises | 
| 2 | Professionals | 
| 21 | Physical, mathematical and engineering science professionals | 
| 22 | Life science and health professionals | 
| 23 | Teaching professionals | 
| 24 | Other professionals | 
| 3 | Technicians and associate professionals | 
| 31 | Physical and engineering science associate professionals | 
| 32 | Life science and health associate professionals | 
| 33 | Traffic instructors and other teaching associate professionals | 
| 34 | Other associate professionals | 
| 4 | Clerks | 
| 41 | Office clerks | 
| 42 | Customer services clerks | 
| 5 | Service and care workers, and shop and market sales workers | 
| 51 | Personal and protective services workers | 
| 52 | Models, salespersons and demonstrators | 
| 6 | Skilled agricultural and fishery workers | 
| 61 | Skilled agricultural and fishery workers | 
| 7 | Craft and related trades workers | 
| 71 | Extraction and building trades workers | 
| 72 | Metal, machinery and related trades workers | 
| 73 | Precision, handicraft, craft printing and related trades workers | 
| 74 | Other craft and related trades workers | 
| 8 | Plant and machine operators and assemblers | 
| 81 | Stationary plant and related operators | 
| 82 | Machine operators and assemblers | 
| 83 | Drivers and related water traffic operators | 
| 9 | Elementary occupations | 
| 91 | Sales and services elementary occupations | 
| 92 | Agricultural, fishery and related labourers | 
| 93 | Labourers in manufacturing and construction | 
| 0 | Armed forces | 
| 01 | Armed forces | 
6.4 Levels of education
Classification of Education 2008, levels of education
| Code | Heading | 
| 0 | Pre-primary education Usually provided by children's day care centres or comprehensive schools to children aged between 3 and 6. At least one member of day care centre staff per group must have a teacher's qualification. | 
| 1 | Primary educatio n Completion of the primary school ( kansakoulu). Grades 1 to 6 of the com-prehensive school. | 
| 2 | Lower secondary
education Completion of the middle school (keskikoulu). Grades 7 to 9 and the volun-tary 10th grade of the comprehensive school (peruskoulu). | 
| 3 | Upper secondary level
education Upper secondary level education comprises matriculation examination, vo-cational qualifications attained in 2 to 3 years, further vocational qualifica-tions and specialist vocational qualifications. Matriculation examination gives general eligibility for tertiary education. Upper secondary vocational education gives a vocational competence and the opportunity to pursue further studies in polytechnics and, subject to cer-tain conditions, in universities. | 
| 5 | Lowest level tertiary
education Lowest level tertiary education comprises vocational college education with a duration of 2 to 3 years after upper secondary education. Examples of vocational college qualifications include Technician Engineer (teknikko), Diploma in Business and Administration (merkonomi) and Di-ploma in Nursing (sairaanhoitaja). | 
| 6 | Lower-degree level tertiary
education Lower-degree level tertiary education comprises, among others, polytechnic degrees and lower university degrees, as well as engineering and sea cap-tain's qualifications, for example. The duration of polytechnic education is 3.5 to 4.5 years. The duration for the attainment of a lower university degree (bachelor level) is 3 to 4 years. | 
| 7 | Higher-degree level tertiary
education Higher-degree level tertiary education comprises higher university degrees (Master level), specialist's degrees in medicine and polytechnic Master’s de-grees. The duration for the attainment of a higher university degree (Master level) is 5 to 6 years and for polytechnic Master’s degree requiring additional work experience 1 to 1.5 years. | 
| 8 | Doctorate or equivalent level
tertiary education Comprises post higher-degree level academic degrees of licentiate and doc-torate (scientific post-graduate degrees). | 
| 9 | Level of education unknown | 
Source: Labour force survey 2010. Statistics Finland
Inquiries: Kalle Sinivuori (09) 1734 3524, Kirsi Toivonen (09) 1734 3535, tyovoimatutkimus@stat.fi
Director in charge: Riitta Harala
Updated 1.11.2011
Official Statistics of Finland (OSF):
Labour force survey [e-publication].
ISSN=1798-7857. Time series data 2001-2010 2010, 
6. Classifications
. Helsinki: Statistics Finland [referred: 31.10.2025].
Access method: http://stat.fi/til/tyti/2010/16/tyti_2010_16_2011-11-01_kat_006_en.html
 
                