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Published: 19 April 2007

Finnish-language summary of data on emissions in 2005

For the first time, Statistics Finland has compiled a Finnish-language summary report of greenhouse gas emissions in Finland over the 1990-2005 period. The reported data are based on the national inventory submitted annually to the UNFCCC. Besides the data on actual emissions the report also sheds light on the causes behind emission trends. In addition, the report contains an overview of future emission scenarios and emissions data reported by other countries.

Official data on greenhouse gas emissions in 2005 to the UNFCCC

On 13 April, Statistics Finland submitted official data on greenhouse gas emissions in Finland in 2005 to the UNFCCC. In 2005, Finland's greenhouse gas emissions were below the target level of the Kyoto Protocol. The target level for Finland is defined by the emissions level of the year 1990.

In 2005, greenhouse gas emissions amounted to 69,3 Mt of CO₂ equivalent, which is nearly three per cent less than in 1990. The low emissions resulted mostly from reasons other than actual measures aimed at the reduction of emissions. Due to the excellent water situation, Finland was able to import a record amount of electricity produced with CO₂ free hydro power from the Nordic electricity markets. National production of condensate electricity based on fossil fuels and peat fell. Emissions from the Energy industry decreased by 33 per cent from the previous year in 2005. Industrial action in the forest industry was also reflected through decreased energy consumption in the emission volumes of the manufacturing and energy sector.

Greenhouse gas emissions have fluctuated considerably in Finland between 1990 and 2005. However, a rising trend can be seen in the time series. The annual variation is mainly explained by the ratio between imported and nationally produced condensate electricity in annual energy consumption. The range of the fluctuation has exceeded 10 Mt CO₂.

Most of the greenhouse gas emissions are CO₂ emissions from the energy sector. All in all, carbon dioxide emissions diminished by 17 per cent from the previous year in 2005, and matched roughly the 1990 level of CO₂ emissions. Most of the emissions originated from the combustion of fossil fuels and peat in energy production (21,7 Mt CO₂) and manufacturing (11,4 Mt CO₂). Emissions from transport were also a substantial source (13,5 Mt CO₂.).

Emissions of other important greenhouse gases, methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O), have decreased compared to the emission levels of 1990. In 2005, N₂O-emissions were 13 per cent lower and CH₄ emission 30 per cent lower than in 1990. N₂O emissions have diminished mainly due to decreased nitrogen fertilisation. The energy sector and industrial processes, such as production of nitric acid are other relevant sources of N₂O emissions. Methane emissions come mostly from waste management and enteric fermentation of livestock. Methane emissions have fallen mainly due to improvements in waste treatment and diminished animal husbandry.

Emissions of F-gases (HFCs, PFCs and SF6), which are used in refrigeration and air conditioning equipment are clearly on the increase. In 2005, emissions of F-gases were eightfold compared to 1995. Under the Kyoto Protocol, Finland's emissions of F-gases are compared to the level of emissions in 1995. The significance of F-gases in total emissions is, however, small.

Sinks from Land use, Land use change and the Forestry sector (so-called sink sector) refer to removals of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere. In the national inventory, removals and emissions of this sector are reported separately from the emissions of other sectors. In Finland, the net sink of this sector amounted to over 30 Mt CO₂ in 2005. The sink was mainly due to the removal of CO₂ from the atmosphere by forest growth.

Development of greenhouse gas emissions by sector in 1990-2005 relative to their 1990 levels, % (1990 = 100%)

Greenhouse gas emissions by gas and source in 1990 and 1995-2005 (Gg CO₂ eq.)

Gas	Emission source	1990	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
All	Total	71 000	72 000	77 000	76 000	72 000	72 000	70 000	75 000	77 000	85 000	81 000	69 000
CO2	Total	57 000	58 000	64 000	63 000	60 000	59 000	57 000	62 000	65 000	73 000	69 000	57 000
	Energy production	53 000	55 000	61 000	59 000	56 000	55 000	54 000	59 000	61 000	69 000	65 000	53 000
	Industrial processes	3 300	3 000	3 200	3 500	3 400	3 500	3 600	3 600	3 500	3 800	4 000	3 700
	Solvent use	116	81	76	74	74	73	72	72	68	64	65	60
N2O	Total	7 900	7 200	7 100	7 100	6 900	6 800	6 800	6 800	6 800	6 900	6 900	6 800
	Agriculture	5 000	4 400	4 300	4 200	4 100	4 000	4 100	4 000	3 900	3 900	3 800	3 700
	Industrial processes	1 660	1 460	1 460	1 440	1 380	1 350	1 360	1 280	1 340	1 420	1 460	1 570
	Energy production	1 010	1 080	1 160	1 190	1 200	1 230	1 220	1 300	1 360	1 440	1 450	1 350
	Waste treatment	164	163	163	162	158	156	158	160	157	161	161	164
	Use of nitrous oxide	62	62	62	62	62	62	53	50	43	40	40	47
CH4	Total	6 300	6 100	6 000	5 900	5 700	5 600	5 400	5 300	5 100	4 900	4 700	4 500
	Waste treatment	3 800	3 800	3 700	3 600	3 400	3 300	3 100	3 000	2 800	2 600	2 500	2 300
	Agriculture	2 150	1 930	1 950	1 980	1 940	1 910	1 910	1 880	1 900	1 880	1 860	1 850
	Energy production	316	378	387	375	376	355	341	361	357	362	347	345
	Industrial processes	9	14	14	13	15	15	15	15	14	15	16	16
F gases	Total	94	98	150	240	300	400	580	730	530	710	730	890

NB Due to rounding, the sums in the tables may not always agree.

Land use, land use change and forestry sector's emissions and sinks in 1990 and 1995-2005 (Tg CO₂ eq.)

		1990	1995	1996	1997	1998	1999	2000	2001	2002	2003	2004	2005
CO2	Total	-21	-15	-23	-17	-16	-17	-16	-19	-19	-18	-19	-31
	Forest land	-28	-24	-31	-25	-25	-26	-25	-28	-27	-26	-26	-38
	Grassland	-1,6	1,1	0,6	1	1,7	2,4	3	3,2	2,7	3	3,2	2,3
	Peat extraction areas	0,59	0,66	0,67	0,68	0,68	0,68	0,68	0,67	0,69	0,64	0,61	0,73
	Cropland	7,4	6,9	7,1	6,7	6,1	5,8	5,3	5,1	4,6	4,2	3,9	3,6
N2O	Total	0,036	0,015	0,017	0,022	0,018	0,023	0,022	0,02	0,021	0,02	0,02	0,02
	Forest land	0,028	0,007	0,008	0,013	0,009	0,014	0,014	0,012	0,012	0,012	0,012	0,011
	Peat extraction areas	0,008	0,008	0,009	0,009	0,009	0,009	0,009	0,009	0,009	0,008	0,008	0,009
CH4	Total	0,015	0,012	0,01	0,013	0,009	0,012	0,009	0,012	0,013	0,012	0,008	0,011
	Forest land	0,009	0,005	0,003	0,006	0,002	0,005	0,002	0,005	0,006	0,005	0,002	0,004
	Peat extraction areas	0,006	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,007	0,006	0,007

(Negative figures indicate removals, positive ones emissions.)

Whole submission concerning year 2005

Source: Greenhouse gas emissions in Finland 1990-2005, National Inventory Report to the UNFCCC, 15 April 2007. Statistics Finland

Inquiries: Ms Riitta Pipatti +358 9 1734 3543; Ms Tuija Lapveteläinen +358 9 1734 3528, firstname.lastname@stat.fi

Director in charge: Kaija Hovi

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Appendix tables

• Table 1: Greenhouse gas emissions in 1990 and 1995-2005 by source category and gas (Gg CO2 eq.) (19.4.2007)
• Table 2: Carbon dioxide emissions 1990 and 1995-2005 by source category (Tg CO2) (19.4.2007)
• Table 3: Methane emissions 1990 and 1995-2005 by source category (Gg) (19.4.2007)
• Table 4: Nitrous oxide emissions 1990 and 1995-2005 by source category (Gg) (19.4.2007)
• Table 5: Emissions of F-gases 1990 and 1995-2005 (Gg CO2 eq.) (19.4.2007)

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Last updated 19.4.2007